Benavidez v. Gunnell’s Empirical Analysis
722 F.2d 615 · 1983
Citation profile
25 federal appellate · 10 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 66 later decisions — most recently March 2016 · most notably Myers v. Morris (1987), Moldowan v. City of Warren (2009)
25 federal appellate · 10 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Imbler v. Pachtman · Pierson v. Ray · Goldman v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 66 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“where an official's duties legitimately require action in which clearly established rights are not implicated, the public interest may be better served by action taken, 'with independence and without fear of consequences.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“The mere furnishing of information to police officers does not constitute joint action under color of state law which renders a private citizen liable under §[] 1983 . . . .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“We know of no case in which the report of a state crime is action under color of state law under Sec. 1983.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Myers v. Morris
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.