United States v. Saperstein’s Empirical Analysis
723 F.2d 1221 · 1983
Citation profile
72 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 95 later decisions — most recently May 2017 · most notably Bennett v. City of Eastpointe (2005), United States v. Knox (1988)
72 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Neil v. Biggers · Florida v. Royer · United States v. Mendenhall · Gregg v. Georgia
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 95 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“under the totality of circumstances, a reasonable person would have believed he or she was not free to walk away.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“describe a very large category of presumably innocent travelers who would be subject to virtually random seizures were the Court to conclude that as little foundation as there was in this case could justify a seizure,”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the purported benefit of such transactions to drug couriers is anonymity. However, ... the [suspect] in this case not only furnished his own name to the airline ticket agent, but left a valid call-back number as well.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.