Wickwire v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1986
Citation profile
11 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 11 later decisions — most recently April 2014
11 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 1988
Relies on Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle · Pickering v. Board of Education of Township High School District 205 Will County Illinois · Connick v. Myers · Marek v. Chesny · McDonald v. Smith
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 11 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A three-pronged showing is required to establish that [an employee’s] discharge violated his free speech right: 1) that he engaged in protected activity; 2) that this activity was a “substantial” or “motivating” factor in the decision to fire him; and 3) that the state has failed to demonstrate that he would have been fired even if the protected speech had not occurred.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Beard v. Baum“[A] government employer [may] limit the First Amendment rights of an employee only if it can demonstrate that its legitimate interest in promoting efficiency in its operation outweighs the interests of the employee in commenting upon matters of public concern.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Beard v. Baum“Freedom of Speech. Every person may freely speak, write, and publish on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that right.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.