Leigh v. Engle’s Empirical Analysis
727 F.2d 113 · 1984
Citation profile
119 federal appellate · 29 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 304 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 2024 · most notably Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance v. Russell (1985), Nachwalter v. Christie (1986)
119 federal appellate · 29 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 26 U.S.C. § 4975 (§ 2003 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) · 29 U.S.C. § 1002 (§ 3 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) · 29 U.S.C. § 1104 (§ 404 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) · 29 U.S.C. § 1105 (§ 405 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) · 29 U.S.C. § 1106 (§ 406 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) · 29 U.S.C. § 1108 (§ 408 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) · 29 U.S.C. § 1109 (§ 409 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) · 29 U.S.C. § 1132 (§ 502 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974)
Relies on National Organization for Women, Inc. v. Idaho · Sheldon v. Metro-Goldwyn Pictures Corp. · South Trust Bank of Alabama v. VISA, U.S.A., Inc. · Dowagiac Manufacturing Company v. Minnesota Moline Plow Company No 6 Dowagiac Manufacturing Company · Westinghouse Electric Manufacturing Company v. Wagner Electric & Manufacturing Company
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 304 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“solely in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries”
16 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[A] person is a fiduciary with respect to a plan to the extent (i) he exercises any discretionary authority or discretionary control respecting management of such plan or exercises any authority or control respecting management or disposition of its assets, (ii) he renders investment advice for a fee or other compensation, direct or indirect, with respect to any moneys or other property of such plan, or has any authority or responsibility to do so, or (iii) he has any discretionary authority or discretionary responsibility in the administration of such plan.”
12 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[m]embers of the board of directors of an employer which maintains an employee benefit plan will be fiduciaries only to the extent that they have responsibility for the functions described in section 3(21)(A) of the Act.”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.