United States v. Zipkin’s Empirical Analysis
729 F.2d 384 · 1984
Citation profile
102 federal appellate · 5 district · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 183 later decisions — most recently August 2023 · most notably United States v. Bonds (1993), Hoffman v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1988)
102 federal appellate · 5 district · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 153
Relies on Atlantic Richfield Co. v. Newman Oil Co. · Amperex Electronic Corp. v. New York Racing Assn., Inc. · Streeter v. United States · Economic Research Analysts, Inc. v. O'Connell · United States v. Long
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 183 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“look at the evidence in the light most favorable to its proponent, maximizing its probative value and minimizing its prejudicial effect.”
28 later decisions quote this exact passage“Relevant evidence may be excluded if its probative value is substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice, confusion of the issues or misleads the jury.”
13 later decisions quote this exact passage“'the evidence its maximum reasonable probative force and its minimum reasonable prejudicial value.'”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.