George v. Black’s Empirical Analysis
732 F.2d 108 · 1984
Citation profile
25 federal appellate · 2 district · 19 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 54 later decisions — most recently February 2025 · most notably Torrey v. Estelle (1988), In Re the Care & Treatment of Hay (1998)
25 federal appellate · 2 district · 19 state decisions — followed in 11 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Brady v. United States · Roberts v. Louisiana · Gooding v. United States · Canron, Inc. v. Plasser American Corp. · Cuthrell v. Director, Patuxent Institution
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 54 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'turns on whether the result represents a definite, immediate and largely automatic effect on the range of the defendant's punishment.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“civil commitment does not flow automatically from the plea”); Cuthrell v. Dir., Patuxent Inst., 475 F.2d 1364, 1366 (4th Cir.1973) (”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“proceedings are completely distinct from the original criminal proceedings and are conducted by a different tribunal”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.