State v. Gentras’s Empirical Analysis
1999
Citation profile
32 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 32 later decisions — most recently December 2012 · most notably 806 So. 2d 718 - State v. Kempton (2001), 60 So. 3d 7 - State v. Bazley (2011)
32 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · Terry v. Ohio · Katz v. United States · Horton v. California · State v. Oliveaux
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 32 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“... The element of possession may be established by showing that the defendant exercised either actual or constructive possession of the substance. A person not in physical possession of narcotics may have constructive possession when the drugs are under that person's dominion or control. Guilty knowledge is an essential element of the crime of possession of contraband, and such knowledge may be inferred from the circumstances. Proximity to the drug, or association with the possessor, may establish a prima facie case of possession when colored by other evidence. However, the mere presence of the defendant in the area where a controlled dangerous substance is found, or mere association with a person in possession of the substance, is insufficient to constitute constructive possession. Several factors may be considered in determining whether the defendant exercised dominion and control sufficient to constitute constructive possession. They are (1) the defendant's knowledge that illegal drugs were in the area; (2) his relations with the person found to be in actual possession; (3) the defendant's access to the area where the drugs were found; (4) evidence of recent drug use by the defendant; (5) the existence of paraphernalia and (6) evidence that the area was frequented by drug users. [citations omitted].”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.