Watkins v. Cantrell’s Empirical Analysis
736 F.2d 933 · 1984
Citation profile
11 federal appellate · 2 district · 12 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 29 later decisions — most recently January 2022 · most notably Monahan v. County of Chesterfield (1996), Edwards v. Valdez (1986)
11 federal appellate · 2 district · 12 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 26 U.S.C. § 3301 (Federal Unemployment Tax Act) · 26 U.S.C. § 3304 (Federal Unemployment Tax Act) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 503 (§ 303 of the Social Security Act of 1935) · 5 U.S.C. § 553 (Administrative Procedure Act of 1946)
Relies on Skidmore v. Swift & Co. · Gladstone, Realtors v. Village of Bellwood · General Electric Co. v. Gilbert · Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization · Chas Steward Mach Co v. Davis
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 29 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(15) the amount of compensation payable to an individual for any week which begins after March 31, 1980, and which begins in a period with respect to which such individual is receiving a governmental or other pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or any other similar periodic payment which is based on the previous work of such individual shall be reduced (but not below zero) by an amount equal to the amount of such pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or other payment, which is reasonably attributable to such week except that— (A) the requirements of this paragraph shall apply to any pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or other similar periodic payment only if— (i) such pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or similar payment is under a plan maintained (or contributed to) by a base period employer or chargeable employer (as determined under applicable law), and (ii) in the case of such a payment not made under the Social Security Act or the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974 (or the corresponding provisions of prior law), services performed for such employer by the individual after the beginning of the base period (or remuneration for such services) affect eligibility for, or increase the amount of, such pension, retirement or retired pay, annuity, or similar payment, and (B) the State law may provide for limitations on the amount of any such a reduction to take into account contributions made by the individual for the pension, retirement or retire”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Unemployment insurance in this country has been a joint federal-state undertaking since first established under Title IX of the Social Security Act of 1985. In general, Congress has afforded great discretion to the states in the design and operation of their unemployment insurance programs, particularly in the establishment of benefit structures and qualifying requirements. Congress, however, has established a limited number of "fundamental standards" that states must meet in order to receive the benefits of federal certification of their programs. Among the "fundamental standards" with which states must comply is the pension offset requirement set forth in [26 U.S.C.A.] § 3804(a)(15). Prior to 1976, some states allowed retired individuals who received social security or public or private pensions to receive unemployment insurance benefits even though they actually had withdrawn from the labor force. In response, Congress enacted § 3304(a)(15) in 1976 to require, effective September 30, 1979, all states to offset an individual's unemployment insurance compensation by the amount of any public or private pension or other similar periodic retirement payment, including social security and railroad retirement benefits, based on the individual's previous employment.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“[s]eetion 3304(a)(15), FUTA [Federal Unemployment Tax Act] as amended by P.L. 96-364 [Unemployment Compensation Amendments], reflects only the minimum conditions under which deduction must be required by State law for certification under FUTA. Although a State may broaden the scope of its deduction of pension payments beyond the conditions in which deduction is required under Federal law, it may not adopt less stringent conditions which fall short of the Federal requirement.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.