United States v. Otto’s Empirical Analysis
742 F.2d 104 · 1984
Citation profile
30 federal appellate · 4 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 42 later decisions — most recently October 2015 · most notably United States v. Coyle (1995), United States v. Bortnovsky (1989)
30 federal appellate · 4 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002)
Relies on Ohio Bureau of Employment Services v. Hodory · United States v. Marion · United States v. Lovasco · United States v. Ewell · Toussie v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 42 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“mailings were sufficiently closely related to [the] scheme.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Where one does an act with knowledge that the use of the mails will follow in the ordinary course of business, or where such use can reasonably be foreseen, even though not actually intended, then he 'causes' the mails to be used.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“designed to lull the victims into a false sense of security, postpone their ultimate complaint to the authorities, and therefore make the apprehension of the defendants less likely than if no mailings had taken place.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.