Buffo v. Graddick’s Empirical Analysis
742 F.2d 592 · 1984
Citation profile
6 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 18 later decisions — most recently September 2003
6 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · Superintendent of Insurance of State of New York v. Bankers Life and Casualty Company · B.D. International Discount Corp. v. Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A. · Kirchberg v. Feenstra · Christopher Strassheim v. Milton Daily
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 18 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) the defendant knowingly or willfully (a) employed a device, scheme, or artifice to defraud, or; (b) obtained money or property by means of an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statement not misleading, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, or; (c) engaged in a transaction, practice, or course of business that operated or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon the purchaser; (2) that the Defendant’s acts or omission were in connection with the purchase or sale of securities; (3) that the Defendant used, or caused to be used, the United States mail or other means of transportation or communication in intestate commerce in furtherance of the scheme.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“Federal courts have generally stated the requirements for aiding and abetting liability in a securities fraud case as (1) the existence of a securities law violation by the primary party, (2) general awareness of the aider and abettor that his role was part of an overall activity that is improper, and (3) substantial assistance by the aider and abettor in the achievement of the primary violation.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“'Acts done outside a jurisdiction, but intended to produce and producing detrimental effects within it, justify a state in punishing the cause of the harm as if he had been present at the effect, if the state should succeed in getting him within its power.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.