Brooks v. Grundmann’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

3 federal appellate · 26 district ·

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 38 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “isolated incidents (unless extremely serious) will not amount to discriminatory changes in the 'terms and conditions of employment.'”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
   e.g. Cooper v. Nielsen · Matos v. Devos

2. “are complementary factors and often go hand-in-hand, but a hostile work environment claim c[an] be satisfied with one or the other”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Doe v. George Wash. Univ. · 302 F. Supp. 3d 257 - Gilliard v. Martin Gruenberg, Chairman, Fed. Deposit Ins. Corp.

3. ““involves repeated conduct ... [that] occurs over a series of days or perhaps years and ... [where] a single act of harassment may not be actionable on its own,” Nat’l R.R. Passenger Corp. v. Morgan, 536 U.S. 101, 115 , 122 S.Ct. 2061 , 153 L.Ed.2d 106 ... (2002), [while] a discrete-acts claim involves a single act of discrimination “such as termination, failure to promote, denial of transfer, or refusal to hire.” Id. at 114 , 122 S.Ct. 2061 ... “[A] plaintiff may not combine discrete acts to form a hostile work environment claim without meeting the required hostile work environment standard,” Baird v. Gotbaum, 662 F.3d 1246, 1252 (D.C.Cir.2011)....”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. 88 F. Supp. 3d 647 - Rowe v. Jewell