Hoptowit v. Spellman’s Empirical Analysis
753 F.2d 779 · 1985
Citation profile
46 federal appellate · 7 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 102 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2023 · most notably Wilson v. Seiter (1991), Toussaint v. McCarthy (1986)
46 federal appellate · 7 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Estelle v. Gamble · Youngberg v. Romeo Ex Rel. Romeo · Mayor of Philadelphia v. Educational Equality League · Ramos v. Lamm · Hoptowit v. Ray
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 102 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[p]ersons involuntarily confined by the state have a constitutional right to [reasonably] safe conditions of confinement”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[a]dequate lighting is one of the fundamental attributes of 'adequate shelter' required by the Eighth Amendment.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.