Dutton v. Dixon’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

6 federal appellate · 3 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 9 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “1st. Every law that makes an action done before the passing of the law, and which was innocent when done, criminal and punishes such action. 2d. Every law that aggravates a crime, or makes it greater than it was, when committed. 3d. Every law that changes the punishment and inflicts a greater punishment than the law annexed to the crime, when committed. 4th. Every law that alters the legal rules of evidence, and receives less, or different testimony, than the law required at the time of the commission of the offense, in order to convict the offender.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Allen v. State

2. “[t]he words `this code' as used in the `penal code' shall be construed to mean `Statutes of this State.'”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
   e.g. Allen v. State

3. “[n]o part of this code is retroactive unless expressly so declared.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
   e.g. Allen v. State