Mick’s Empirical Analysis
Citation profile
1 federal appellate · 46 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 70 later decisions — most recently February 2024 · most notably Randall, Cruz v. City of Laramie (2001)
1 federal appellate · 46 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics · Anderson v. Creighton · Graham v. Connor · Mitchell v. Forsyth
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 70 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Although the very action in question does not have to have previously been held unlawful, in light of the pre-existing law the unlawfulness must be apparent. ... Ordinarily, in order for the law to be clearly established, there must be a Supreme Court or Tenth Circuit decision on point, or the clearly established weight of authority from other courts must have found the law to be as plaintiff maintains.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“that the defendant's actions violated a constitutional or statutory right”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“When faced with an argument that the district court mistakenly identified clearly established law, the court of appeals can simply take, as given, the facts that the district court assumed.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Bass v. Richards
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.