76 Wis. 2d 457 - Bies v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1977
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 141 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 147 later decisions — most recently June 2024 · most notably 95 Wash. 2d 898 - State v. Seagull (1981), United States v. Rohrig (1996)
4 federal appellate · 141 state decisions — followed in 15 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Coolidge v. New Hampshire · Adams v. Williams · Ker v. State of California · Sedillo v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 147 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[a]s a general matter [checking noise complaints] is probably more a part of the community caretaker function of the police which, while perhaps 20 No. 2013AP2107-CR lacking in some respects the urgency of criminal investigation, is nevertheless an important and essential part of the police role.”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage“(1) the evidence must be in plain view; (2) the officer must have a prior justification for being in the position from which [he or] she discovers the evidence in 'plain view'; and (3) the evidence seized 'in itself or in itself with facts known to the officer at the time of the seizure, [must provide] probable cause to believe there is a connection between the evidence and criminal activity.'”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage“'In determining whether the officer acted reasonably ... due weight must be given, not to his inchoate and unparticularized suspicion or”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.