Gay v. Wall Ef Cd Rd’s Empirical Analysis
761 F.2d 175 · 1985
Citation profile
41 federal appellate · 29 district · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 143 later decisions — most recently October 2022 · most notably First Chicago International v. United Exchange Co. (1988), Brooks v. City of Winston-Salem (1996)
41 federal appellate · 29 district · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Baker v. McCollan · Wood v. Strickland · Procunier v. Navarette · Dayco Corp. v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 143 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a reasonable opportunity to present all material made pertinent to such a motion by Rule 56.”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“When a party is aware that material outside the pleadings is before the court, the party is on notice that a Rule 12(b)(6) motion may be treated as a motion for summary judgment.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“This case does not simply claim, as did the plaintiff in Baker, that the state officials should have determined through some affirmative inquiry that the plaintiff was innocent. Rather, Gay contends that the defendants had actual knowledge of his innocence, yet detained him until they could 'find the right man.' Such a claim is not precluded by Baker, because that case does not involve actual knowledge of the defendant's innocence, but rather the failure to take affirmative steps to determine his innocence. If Gay's allegations are true that the defendants deprived him of his liberty beyond a time when they knew him to be innocent, the defendants' conduct may well be actionable under Sec. 1983.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.