United States v. Byrd’s Empirical Analysis
765 F.2d 1524 · 1985
Citation profile
48 federal appellate · 10 district · 20 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 88 later decisions — most recently August 2022 · most notably United States v. North (1990), United States v. Caporale (1986)
48 federal appellate · 10 district · 20 state decisions — followed in 16 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 6002
Relies on Ohio Bureau of Employment Services v. Hodory · Kastigar v. United States · Murphy v. Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor · Reavis v. Antinore · Bruce v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 88 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he government is not required to negate all abstract 'possibility' of taint.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Kastigar and its progeny require dismissal of an indictment of a previously immunized witness unless the government can demonstrate that 'none of the evidence presented to the grand jury is derived, directly or indirectly, from the immunized testimony....'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[I]t would be unwise to permit an attorney familiar with the immunized testimony to participate in the trial or preparation of the case.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.