Powell v. State’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

41 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 42 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “a single aggravating cireumstance is adequate to justify a sentence enhancement.”

   3 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. Williams v. State · Abran v. State

2. “FINAL INSTRUCTION NO. 16 Aiding an Offense is defined by law as follows: Indiana Code 35-41-2-4. A person who knowingly or intentionally aids another person in committing Murder is guilty of Murder even though he does not personally participate in each act constituting the Murder. A person may be convicted of Murder by aiding another to commit Murder even if the other person has not been prosecuted for Murder or has not been convicted of Murder or has been acquitted of Murder. In order to commit Murder by aiding another to commit Murder, a person must have knowledge that he is aiding the commission of the Murder. To be guilty, he does not have to personally participate in the crime nor does he have to be present when the crime is committed. Merely being present at the scene of the crime is not sufficient to prove that he aided the crime. Failure to oppose the commission of the crime is also insufficient to prove aiding another to commit the crime. But pres ence at the scene of the crime or failure to oppose the crime’s commission are factors which may be considered in determining whether there was aiding another to commit the crime. Before you may convict the Defendant, the State must have proved each of the following elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 1. The Defendant 2. knowingly or intentionally 3. aided 4. David R. Camm to knowingly or intentionally commit the offense of Murder, to-wit: by Killing Kimberly S. Camm, Bradley R. Camm and/or Jill C. Camm. 5. by providing Dav”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Boney v. State

3. “A person is responsible for the actions of another person when, either before or during the commission of a crime, he knowingly aids, induces, or causes the other person to commit a crime, even if the other person: 1. Has not been prosecuted for the of-fensel;] 2. Has not been convicted of the offense; or 3. - Has been acquitted of the offense. To aid is to knowingly support, help, or assist in the commission of a crime. In order to be held responsible for the actions of another, he need only have knowledge that he is helping in the commission of the charged crime. He does not have to personally participate in the crime nor does he have to be present when the crime is committed. Proof of the defendant's failure to oppose the commission of a crime, companionship with the person committing the offense, and conduct before and after the offense may be considered in determining whether aiding may be inferred. Mere presence at the seene of an alleged crime or failure to oppose the crime is not, in [and] of itself, aiding[,] inducing or causing the commission of a crime. Neither is negative acquiescence sufficient standing alone. There must be some conduct of an affirmative na-twre on the part of a defendant in order for that defendant to be criminally liable as an accessory. It must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt that a defendant had knowledge of and participated in the commission of the crime.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Williams v. State