Volume 77 — Federal Reporter, Fourth Series

Republic of Hungary v. Simon, 604 U.S. 115 (2025), is a unanimous decision of the Supreme Court of the United States, holding that for plaintiffs to sue a foreign government over illegally seized property, the expropriation exemption of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act requires that the property is directly traceable to transactions with a commercial nexus to the United States. The Supreme Court considered evidence that the seized property was liquidated into a general fund used for transacting with American entities insufficient, rejecting the lower courts' commingling theory.