Lewis v. Downs’s Empirical Analysis
774 F.2d 711 · 1985
Citation profile
46 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 68 later decisions — most recently February 2016 · most notably Champion v. Outlook Nashville, Inc. (2004), Johnson v. Morel (1989)
46 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 1985 · 42 U.S.C. § 1988
Relies on United Mine Workers of America v. Gibbs · Rochin v. People of California · United States v. Sharpe · Smith v. Wade · Barrett v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 68 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“circumstances surrounding the use of force,”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Waggoner v. Mosti · Miller v. Kunze“we do not believe that a serious or permanent injury is a prerequisite to a claim under Section 1983.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. McDowell v. Rogers“unnecessary striking of a handcuffed citizen in the mouth with a nightstick is clearly excessive.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Cox v. Treadway
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.