Whitney v. Heckler’s Empirical Analysis
780 F.2d 963 · 1986
Citation profile
14 federal appellate · 7 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 48 later decisions — most recently November 2018 · most notably 48 Cal. 3d 805 - Calfarm Insurance v. Deukmejian (1989), 8 Cal. 4th 216 - 20th Century Insurance v. Garamendi (1994)
14 federal appellate · 7 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1395U (§ 1842 of the Social Security Act of 1935) · 42 U.S.C. § 405 (§ 205 of the Social Security Act of 1935)
Relies on Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner · Williamson v. Lee Optical of Oklahoma, Inc. · Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Environmental Study Group, Inc. · Permian Basin Area Rate Cases · Nebbia v. People of State of New York
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 48 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[i]t is well established that government price regulation does not constitute a taking of property where the regulated group is not required to participate in the regulated industry.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“well established that government price regulation does not constitute a taking of property where the regulated group is not required to participate in the regulated industry. See, e.g., Bowles v. Willingham, 321 U.S. 503 , 517-18 ... (1944) (rent controls do not constitute prohibited taking because statute does not require landlords to offer their apartments for rent); Minnesota Ass'n of Health Care Facilities, Inc. [v. Minnesota Department of Public Welfare ], 742 F.2d [442,] 446 [(8th Cir.1984)] (state statute limiting fees nursing homes participating in Medicaid Program may charge to non-Medicaid patients is not taking within meaning of the Fifth Amendment because `the state does not require that nursing homes admit medical assistance residents and participate in the Medicaid Program').”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“It is well established that an issue is ripe for judicial review when the challenging party is placed in the dilemma of incurring the disadvantages of complying or risking penalties for noncompliance.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.