Raub v. Campbell’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

8 federal appellate ·

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 31 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “whether that right was clearly established at the time of the alleged violation.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. E.W. v. Dolgos · E.W. v. Rosemary Dolgos

2. “none of these cases delineate the appropriate standard where a mental health evaluator must decide whether to recommend a temporary detention on the belief that an individual might be a danger to others. They certainly do not speak to the necessity, length, and substance of a psychological evaluation, nor to the evidence needed to support probable cause in such a circumstances. Nonetheless, to the extent the cases should have informed Campbell’s conduct, they support the view that he acted reasonably under our prevailing legal standards.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Goines v. Valley Community Services Board

3. “imposes liability ... for conduct that is the effective cause of another’s direct infliction of the constitutional injury.” Raub, 785 F.3d at 881 n. 6 (quoting Sales v. Grant, 158 F.3d 768, 776 (4th Cir.1998)). It reasoned that,”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Goines v. Valley Community Services Board