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786 F.2d 1097

Docket No. 85-5584

United States v. Cabrera

Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals

Decided April 15, 1986.

Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals · decided 1986-04-15

<p>Non-Argument Calendar.</p>

2 counsel of record

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“expunction under state law does not alter the historical fact of the conviction, . . . as does positive or 'affirmative action'. . . . [E]xpunction does not alter the legality of the previous conviction and does not signify that the defendant is innocent of the crime to which he pleaded guilty.”

quoted by 1 later decision, including United States v. Morgan

“[w]hether one is convicted within the language [of a federal statute] is a question of federal law”

quoted by 1 later decision, including Slugocki v. US BY AND THROUGH DEPT. OF LABOR

Applies 18 U.S.C. § 922 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 925

Relies on Lewis v. United States · Dickerson v. New Banner Institute, Inc. · United States v. Garcia

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Opinion by (per_curiam) · Decided 1986-04-15

How this case has been cited

Cited by 12 later decisions — most recently July 2024

6 federal appellate · 1 state decisions

7019861990200020102020decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

¶1Non-Argument Calendar.

¶2Leonard Rosenberg, Miami, Fla., for defendant-appellant.

¶3Lawrence Stern, Sharon L. Kegerreis, Asst. U.S. Attys., Miami, Fla., for plaintiffappellee.

¶4Before GODBOLD, Chief Judge, HILL and ANDERSON, Circuit Judges.

¶5PER CURIAM:

¶6Cabrera was convicted of receipt by a felon of a firearm that had been transported in interstate and foreign commerce, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(h)(1) and 922(a).

¶7Previously Cabrera was convicted in state court of a felony of cocaine possession. He pleaded guilty, and the trial court accepted and entered an order “withholding adjudication.”1

¶8After his indictment on the federal charge and before trial the state court vacated Cabrera’s underlying felony conviction. At the federal trial Cabrera sought to introduce evidence of this vacation, and *1098the court sustained the government’s objection to the evidence as immaterial since the state court conviction, and the order withholding adjudication, were in effect when Cabrera purchased the gun.

¶9Whether one is convicted within the language of the Act is a question of federal law even if the underlying offense and punishment are defined by state law. Dickerson v. New Banner Institute Inc., 460 U.S. 103, 103 S.Ct. 986, 74 L.Ed.2d 845 (1985).

¶10The district court was correct. The cases make clear that one who is or has been a convicted felon must clear his status, if it is unclear, before buying a firearm. Lewis v. U.S., 445 U.S. 55, 100 S.Ct. 915, 63 L.Ed.2d 198 (1980). Lewis was a conviction under 18 U.S.C.App. § 1202(a). U.S. v. Davis, 773 F.2d 1180 (11th Cir.1985) applied Lewis to a conviction under § 922(h). More recently the Supreme Court addressed the issue of whether expunging a state conviction can release a felon from the possibility of conviction under § 922(h)(1). Dickerson v. New Banner Institute Inc., supra.Although Dickerson had his conviction expunged pursuant to state law, the expunction did not alter the “historical fact of the conviction.” And he had not followed available federal procedures for removing the federal firearms disability. See 18 U.S.C. § 925(c).

¶11What Cabrera did, and all he did, was, after indictment and arrest, secure an order of the state court vacating the predicate offense. This is not enough.2

¶12Cabrera contends that Lewis and Dickerson should be extended to a conviction vacated after the firearm was received or possessed. The plain language of the Act and the principles laid out in Lewis, Dickerson and Davis show that expunction of the underlying conviction after the purchase of the firearm has no effect on a conviction for § 922(h) purposes.

¶13AFFIRMED.

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