State v. Howard’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

4 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 4 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “In Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143 , 92 S.Ct. 1921 , 32 L.Ed.2d 612 (1972), the U.S. Supreme Court found that a police officer had reasonable suspicion to make an investigatory stop of a person seated in a nearby parked car, where the officer had just received a tip from a known reliable informant that the person was carrying narcotics, as well as a gun in his waistband. The court distinguished the case from one involving an anonymous informant, noting that the informant, who had given the tip in person, may well have been subject to arrest for making a false complaint had the investigation proved the tip unfounded. In State v. Smiley, 99-0065 (La.App. 4 Cir. 3/3/99) , 729 So.2d 743 , writ denied, 99-0914 (La.5/14/99), 743 So.2d 651 , two police officers on Bourbon Street were approached by an “unknown” citizen, who reported that an individual in a nearby truck had just tried to sell him drugs. As the officers observed the truck, three individuals exited the truck and went into a nearby bar. The unknown citizen identified one of them as the individual who had tried to sell him drugs. This court held that under those facts police had reasonable suspicion to detain the individual to investigate the citizen’s complaint. Even though the complaint came from an “unknown” citizen, the circumstances surrounding the giving of it indicated a certain degree of trustworthiness. In State v. Fayard, 537 So.2d 347 (La.App. 4 Cir.1988), writ denied, 541 So.2d 871 (La.1989), the doorman of a ”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 81 So. 3d 983 - State in Interest of PL

2. “When a police lawfully pats down a suspect's outer clothing and feels an object `whose contour or mass makes its identity immediately apparent,' `if the object is contraband,' it can be lawfully seized without a warrant.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 852 So. 2d 463 - State v. Malveaux

3. “he felt in the defendant's pocket not simply as some unknown type of contraband in the form of”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Sam