Griffith v. State’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

34 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 34 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “Probable cause adequate to support a warrant less arrest exists when, at the time of the arrest, the officer has knowledge of facts and cireumstances that would warrant a person of reasonable caution to believe that the suspect committed a criminal act.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. Ware v. State · Merchant v. State

2. “Probable cause can rest on collective information known to the law enforcement organization as a whole, and not solely on the personal knowledge of the arresting officer. The police force is considered a unit. Where there is a police-channel communicátion to the arresting officer, he acts in good faith thereon, and such knowledge and information exist within the department, the arrest is based on probable cause.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Charles Dunson v. State of Indiana

3. “The amount of evidence necessary to meet the probable cause requirement for a warrantless arrest is determined on a case-by-case basis, and is less than the level of proof necessary to establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Ware v. State