Mangels v. Pena’s Empirical Analysis
789 F.2d 836 · 1986
Citation profile
55 federal appellate · 45 district · 10 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 142 later decisions — most recently January 2026 · most notably Bloch v. Ribar (1998), Hicks v. City of Watonga (1991)
55 federal appellate · 45 district · 10 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Conley v. Gibson · Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth · Katz v. United States · Roe v. Wade · Paul v. Davis
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 142 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“`at least in part, upon the intimate or otherwise personal nature of the material which the state possesses.'”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Rights of substantive due process are founded not upon state provisions but upon deeply rooted notions of fundamental personal interests derived from the Constitution.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[d]ue process is violated only when 'the risk of unfairness is intolerably high' under the circumstances of a particular case. Because honesty and integrity are presumed on the part of a tribunal, there must be some substantial countervailing reason to conclude that a decisionmaker is actually biased with respect to factual issues being adjudicated.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.