In Re Blue Diamond Coal Company’s Empirical Analysis
79 F.3d 516 · 1996
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 43 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently May 2011 · most notably Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel (1998), Blue Diamond Coal Co. v. Trustees of the UMWA Combined Benefit Fund (2001)
21 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City · Usery v. Turner Elkhorn Mining Co. · Armstrong v. United States · Concrete Pipe & Products of Cal., Inc. v. Construction Laborers Pension Trust for Southern Cal. · Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation v. RA Gray & Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 43 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“... nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The Coal Act is the culmination of a long history of federal involvement in coal industry labor issues. That involvement began in 1946, when a prolonged coal strike occurred. The federal government took over operations of the nation’s coal mines and entered into an agreement with the United Mine Workers of America (“UMWA”). • That agreement ... included provisions that required coal producers to provide health and pension benefits to their workers.... Health benefits were not vested or guaranteed in these early agreements, and the coal producers were not obligated to the UMWA fund beyond payment of their assigned royalties. However, the UMWA paid health benefits to miners for more than 30 years. In 1974, the UMWA Fund was restructured in the wake of the passage of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), 29 U.S.C. §§ 1001-1461 .... For the first time, the 1974 NBCWA contained an explicit promise of lifetime health benefits. The 1974 Funds soon became financially unstable, however.... In 1989, the UMWA initiated a 10-month strike against the Pittston Coal company over retiree benefits, which was settled only with federal intervention. After the Pittston strike was settled, the Secretary of Labor appointed the Advisory Commission on United Mine Workers of America Retiree Health Benefits ... to study the problems and to propose solutions.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“the [Commissioner] first must assign eligible beneficiaries to coal mine operators that most recently employed the beneficiaries for at least two years, and were signatories to 1978 or later NBCWAs. 26 U.S.C. § 9706 (a)(1). If no such operator exists for a particular beneficiary, the [Commissioner] must assign the beneficiary to an operator that most recently employed the beneficiary and was a signatory to the 1978 or later NBCWAs. 26 U.S.C. § 9706 (a)(2). If no such operator exists for a particular beneficiary, the beneficiary must be assigned to a pre-1978 [non-Eastern En terprises-type] signatory operator [still in business] that employed the beneficiary for the longest period of time. 26 U.S.C. § 9706 (a)(3). For each beneficiary assigned to it, the coal mine operator must pay a premium to the Combined Fund. 26 U.S.C. § 9704 (a).”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.