Zipkin v. Heckler’s Empirical Analysis
790 F.2d 16 · 1986
Citation profile
10 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 29 later decisions — most recently October 2013 · most notably Nicholas v. Tucker (1997), Milner v. Apfel (1998)
10 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 402 (§ 202 of the Social Security Act of 1935) · 42 U.S.C. § 423 (§ 223 of the Social Security Act of 1935)
Relies on Weinberger v. Salfi · Flemming v. Nestor · Schweiker v. Gray Panthers · Schweiker v. Wilson · Richardson v. Belcher
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 29 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, no monthly benefits shall be paid under this section or under section 423 of this title to any individual for any month during which such individual is confined in a jail, prison, or other penal institution or correctional facility, pursuant to his conviction of an offense which constituted a felony under applicable law, unless such individual is actively and satisfactorily participating in a rehabilitation program which has been specifically approved for such individual by a court of law and, as determined by the Secretary, is expected to result in such individual being able to engage in substantial gainful activity upon release and within a reasonable time.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“are necessarily limited because of their incarceration, [and] all their essential needs, such as food, shelter, clothing and medical care are provided by the state.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Nicholas v. Tucker“[P]risoners, as a group, do not have the need for a continuing source of income that nonprisoners typically may have.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Nicholas v. Tucker
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.