Baird v. Gotbaum’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

1 federal appellate · 28 district · 1 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 43 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “the frequency of the discriminatory conduct; its severity; whether it is physically threatening or humiliating, or a mere offensive utterance; and whether it unreasonably interferes with an employee's work performance.”

   5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Touvian v. Dist. of Columbia · Dunbar v. Foxx

2. “Both incidents barred by the statute of limitations and ones not barred can qualify as 'part of the same actionable hostile environment claim' only if they are adequately linked into a coherent hostile environment-if, for example, they involve[ ] the same type of employment actions, occur[ ] relatively frequently, and [are] perpetrated by the same managers.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Chien v. Sullivan · Menoken v. Lipnic

3. “failure to remedy the various critiques and epithets to which Baird's fellow employees subjected her would [not] have persuaded a reasonable employee to refrain from making or supporting charges of discrimination.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Touvian v. Dist. of Columbia