Finzer v. Barry’s Empirical Analysis
798 F.2d 1450 · 1986
Citation profile
16 federal appellate · 3 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 39 later decisions (4 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 2021 · most notably Boos v. Barry (1988), State Ex Rel. Cooper v. French (1990)
16 federal appellate · 3 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
Relationships
Applies 10 U.S.C. § 772 · 10 U.S.C. § 934 · 18 U.S.C. § 112 · 18 U.S.C. § 504 · 18 U.S.C. § 702 · 28 U.S.C. § 291 · 3 U.S.C. § 202
Relies on New York Times Co. v. Sullivan · Baker v. Carr · Broadrick v. Oklahoma · Grayned v. City of Rockford · Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 39 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'to congregate within 500 feet of [a foreign embassy], and refuse to disperse after having been ordered so to do by the police,'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissente.g. Boos v. Barry · McCullen v. Coakley“'reasonably believe[d] that a threat to the security or peace of the embassy [was] present,'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Boos v. Barry · McCullen v. Coakley“a determination by the political branches concerning the obligations of the United States is also a determination about the conduct of American foreign policy. Defining and enforcing the United States’ obligations under international law require the making of extremely sensitive policy decisions, decisions which will inevitably color our relationships with other nations. Such decisions are “delicate, complex, and involve large elements of prophecy. They are and should be undertaken only by those directly responsible to the people whose welfare they advance or imperil. They are decisions of a kind for which the Judiciary has neither aptitude, facilities nor responsibility. ...””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.