United States v. Hathaway’s Empirical Analysis
798 F.2d 902 · 1986
Citation profile
158 federal appellate · 4 district · 12 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 259 later decisions — most recently December 2025 · most notably Petzoldt v. Commissioner (1989), State v. Davis (1991)
158 federal appellate · 4 district · 12 state decisions — followed in 10 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002) · 18 U.S.C. § 1343 · 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 18 U.S.C. § 2314 · 7 U.S.C. § 2
Relies on Ohio Bureau of Employment Services v. Hodory · Daniel v. Security Pacific National Bank · Sloan v. Hicks · United States v. Lane · Houltin v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 259 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'when the terms of the indictment are in effect altered by the presentation of evidence and jury instructions which so modify essential elements of the offense charged that there is a substantial likelihood that the defendant may have been convicted of an offense other than that charged in the indictment.'”
25 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“When a witness is used to lay the foundation for admitting records under Rule 803(6), all that is required is that the witness be familiar with the record keeping system.”
16 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'but the evidence at trial proves facts materially different from those alleged in the indictment.'”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.