United States v. Wray’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

21 federal appellate · 21 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 43 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. ““ * * * A suspected person may be tested by being offered opportunity to transgress in such manner' as is usual therein, but may not be put under extraordinary temptation or inducement. Thus a morphine peddler usually deals with addicts. An officer, in testing a supposed peddler, may properly pretend to be an addict, with their common discomforts and craving for the drug, thus giving color to the ruse, and he may offer a liberal price for the drug, and manifest considerable persistence, for these things are common in such dealings. But- he could not pretend to be in excruciating pain, or to have a wife or friend in extremity of suffering, to appeal thus to humanity, or offer any fabulous price for the drug. * * * The question, I repeat, is not one of laying a trap or of trickiness or deceit, but one of seduction or improper inducement to commit crime. The former is permissible and often necessary to enforce the law. The latter is not. * * * ””

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. State v. Reyes · State v. Akin

2. “If a purchaser and seller of liquor, both knowing the sale to be illegal, can be considered conspirators, still where the purchaser is an officer in the discharge of his duty, there is no indictable conspiracy. But here the indictment charges, also, that the two defendants conspired with one another, and there is evidence in support of this view of the case.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. King v. State · 290 So. 2d 603 - Moore v. State

3. “[W]hen it is suspected that a crime is being committed and the question is as to who the guilty persons are . traps may be laid and baited as by decoy letters, by opportunities to sell whisky or morphine, in order to catch the guilty person. The question ... is not one of laying a trap or of trickiness or deceit, but one of seduction or improper inducement to commit crime.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Moore v. Hopper