Baumer v. Pachl’s Empirical Analysis
8 F.3d 1341 · 1993
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 16 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 70 later decisions — most recently May 2019 · most notably United States v. Fernandez (2004), Goren v. New Vision International, Inc. (1998)
21 federal appellate · 16 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 15 U.S.C. § 78J (§ 10 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) · 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002)
Relies on Hishon v. King & Spalding · Sedima Sprl v. Imrex Company Inc · Carnegie v. United States · Scharffe v. Perkins · Agency Holding Corporation v. Malley-Duff & Associates Inc Crown Life Insurance Company
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 70 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“aware of the essential nature and scope of the enterprise and intended to participate in it.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage“In order to ‘participate, directly or indirectly, in the conduct of such enterprise’s affairs,’ one must have some part in directing those affairs. Of course, the word ‘participate’ makes clear that RICO liability is not limited to those with primary responsibility for the enterprise’s affairs, just as the phrase ‘directly or indirectly’ makes clear that RICO liability is not limited to those with a formal position in the enterprise, but some part in directing the enterprise’s affairs is required.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“in the operation or management of the enterprise itself.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.