Steffan v. Aspin’s Empirical Analysis
8 F.3d 57 · 1993
Citation profile
9 federal appellate · 1 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 20 later decisions — most recently April 2020
9 federal appellate · 1 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on City of Cleburne Texas v. Cleburne Living Center · Elrod v. Burns · Branti v. Finkel · Heller v. Doe Ex Rel. Doe · Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 20 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The First Amendment forbids the government to silence speech based on the reaction of a hostile audience, unless there is a `clear and present danger' of grave and imminent harm. [Citation.] Otherwise, a vocal minority (or even majority) could prevent the expression of disfavored viewpoints a result contrary to the central purpose of the First Amendment's guarantee of free expression. [Citations.] [¶] These constitutional principles mandate that government may not disadvantage a person on the basis of his status or his views solely for fear that others may be offended or angered by them.... The Constitution does not allow government to subordinate a class of persons simply because others do not like them.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent“[t]he plaintiff is suing for ... a declaration that the Department of Defense Directives 1332.14 and 1332.30, and all other regulations applied to the plaintiff prohibiting those with a homosexual orientation from serving in the Navy or attending the Naval Academy, are violations of the equal protection component of the fifth amendment to the Constitution.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Steffan v. Perry“treason against the United States Shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Steffan v. Perry
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.