United States v. Tolbert’s Empirical Analysis
2001
Citation profile
1 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 7 later decisions — most recently August 2020
1 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2119 · 18 U.S.C. § 3559 · 18 U.S.C. § 3583 · 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 18 U.S.C. § 3742 · 18 U.S.C. § 5032 · 18 U.S.C. § 921 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 924
Relies on Strickland v. Washington · Jackson v. Virginia · Apprendi v. New Jersey · United States v. Olano · Jones v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Trial courts must treat evidence of gang affiliation with care since most jurors are likely to look unfavorably upon a defendant's membership in a street gang.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.