majority"> FINLEY, Associate Justice.

Ón May 31, 1892, D. T. Huffhines of Hill County, Texas, executed a deed of trust conveying to J. J. Collins, of said State and county, as trustee, a stock of goods, wares, *70 and merchandise, store and office furniture and fixtures, in Hillsboro, Texas, to secure certain preferred creditors therein mentioned, marked “Schedule A,” in amounts aggregating about $2533.55, and after paying in full said creditors named in schedule A, should there remain money enough to secure certain other creditors, therein designated “Schedule B,” in amounts aggregating about $1385, and directing that any property remaining, or the proceeds thereof after paying said debts, should be returned to said D. T. Huffhines.

On June 2, 1892, appellees presented their original petition to the judge of the District Court in and for Hill County, attaching thereto a certified copy of the deed of trust as part of said petition, and alleging, that while said instrument of writing on its face was in the form of a deed of trust,.as a matter of fact and law said instrument was a deed of assignment for the benefit of creditors, praying that a writ of injunction be issued restraining said J. J. Collins, trustee, from disposing of said property until he had qualified under the law as assignee, and that said instrument be declared an assignment. Said writ of injunction was granted until cause was shown why said writ should not be granted as prayed for in the petition, and on June 3, 1892, said petition was filed with the clerk of the District Court of Hill County, and said writ, as prayed for and ordered by the court, was issued and served on defendants. June 4,1892, appellant answered by motion to dissolve, and general and special exceptions and general denial, and specially pleading, that the aforesaid instrument was intended as a trust deed, and not an assignment.

On June 11,1892, defendants’ motion to dissolve the injunction was heard and overruled, and the previous order granting the injunction continued in force, except so much was vacated as restrained the said Collins from disposing of said property, and he was ordered to enter into a $3000 bond, and dispose of the property and make report of the proceeds to the next term of court.

September 22, 1892, J. J. Collins filed his report of his disposition of the property under order of the court. October 6, 1892, defendants’ motion to dissolve the injunction and general and special exceptions were by the court overruled, to which defendants excepted, and upon the trial of the case the court found for the plaintiffs,-and decreed that the said instrument of writing executed by D. T. Huffhines to J. J. Collins as aforesaid be declared to be an assignment, and that said Collins qualify as assignee of said Huffhines, and proceed as under the law of Texas relating to assignments for the benefit of creditors. To which judgment the defendants excepted, and in open court gave notice of appeal to this court.

The complainants were creditors embraced in class B; the mortgagor and trustee named in said instrument were defendants. The creditors in class A, who were preferred in order of payment to class B, were not made parties to the suit.

*71 Delivered June 20, 1894.

Opinion. — Tbe defendants demurred to plaintiffs’ petition, upon tbe ground tbat it appeared therefrom tbat tbe creditors in class A were necessary parties to the suit. Tbe court overruled tbe exception, and this action is assigned as error.

In a suit to set aside tbe preferences made in a conveyance, and adjudge tbe conveyance to be a general assignment under tbe statute, to be administered without preferences, those named as preferred creditors in tbe instrument are necessary parties to such suit. Hudson v. Milling Co., 79 Texas, 401. Tbe exception should have been sustained, and tbe ruling of the court was error.

The judgment of tbe court declaring tbe instrument to be a general assignment, to be administered under the statute, is challenged. Tbe instrument of conveyance upon its face possesses all tbe elements of a mortgage given to secure tbe payment of certain debts. Tbe burden of showing the instrument to be an assignment rested upon tbe plaintiffs. Tbe evidence was wholly insufficient to show tbat tbe conveyance was other than what it purported to be. Such conveyances as tbe one under consideration, in form and fact, are uniformly held by our courts to be mortgages, and not assignments regulated by our statutes. Preston v. Carter, 80 Texas, 388; Watterman v. Silberberg, 67 Texas, 100; Hudson v. Milling Co., supra; Foreman v. Burnette, 83 Texas, 396.

Tbe judgment of tbe court below is reversed, and here rendered for appellant.

Reversed and rendered.

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