Commonwealth v. Lopez’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

7 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “more than a bystander until the moment the robbery [of the decedent] began”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
   e.g. 92 Mass. App. Ct. 538 - Commonwealth v. Johnson · 93 Mass. App. Ct. 1109 - Commonwealth v. Adams

2. “beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant knowingly participated in the commission of the crime charged, with the intent required to commit the crime.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
   e.g. 92 Mass. App. Ct. 538 - Commonwealth v. Johnson

3. “carry[ing] out the robbery with conscious disregard of the risk to [the victim's] life.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
   e.g. 92 Mass. App. Ct. 538 - Commonwealth v. Johnson