Wade v. Hegner’s Empirical Analysis
804 F.2d 67 · 1986
Citation profile
44 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 79 later decisions — most recently July 2002 · most notably Rakovich v. Wade (1988), Conner v. Reinhard (1988)
44 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1292
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. · Wood v. Strickland · Brown v. Board of Education
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 79 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) does the alleged conduct set out a constitutional violation? and (2) were the constitutional standards clearly established at the time in question?”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“are shielded from liability for civil damages insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Lewis v. O'Grady · Murphy v. Morgan“appellate review of a denial of summary judgment on the issue of qualified immunity is limited to the legal question of whether the law was well-established at the time of the conduct.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.