United States v. Williams’s Empirical Analysis
809 F.2d 1072 · 1987
Citation profile
122 federal appellate · 2 district · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 157 later decisions — most recently June 2023 · most notably United States v. Zannino (1990), United States v. Bermea (1994)
122 federal appellate · 2 district · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1001 · 18 U.S.C. § 1952 · 18 U.S.C. § 1961 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1962 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1963 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 18 U.S.C. § 6002 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Glasser v. United States · Santobello v. New York · United States v. Turkette · Kastigar v. United States · United States v. Harriss
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 157 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“determine whether the judge's behavior was so prejudicial that it denied the defendant a fair, as opposed to a perfect, trial.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“a federal judge . . . may comment on the evidence, may question witnesses and elicit facts not yet adduced or clarify those previously presented, and may maintain the pace of the trial by interrupting or cutting off counsel as a matter of discretion. Only when the judge's conduct strays from neutrality is the defendant thereby denied a constitutionally fair trial.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“place[d] the judge's official imprimatur on the credibility of [the government witness's] testimony”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.