United States v. Azad’s Empirical Analysis
809 F.2d 291 · 1986
Citation profile
12 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently February 2012 · most notably United States v. Tarwater (2002), United States of America v. James Douglas Defranco (1994)
12 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1001 (Comprehensive Thrift and Bank Fraud Prosecution and Taxpayer Recovery Act of 1990) · 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002)
Relies on Ohio Bureau of Employment Services v. Hodory · Hamling v. United States · Vandygriff v. Phillips · Russell v. United States · Mansion House Center South Redevelopment Co. v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“prosecutorial misconduct is a long-standing or common problem in grand jury proceedings in the district.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“32 Incidents before the grand jury do not affect the fairness of the trial. Therefore, this circuit applies a strict standard for dismissal of an indictment because of alleged prosecutorial misconduct before the grand jury. In order to prevail on their claim, defendants must demonstrate that”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The mail fraud statute requires the establishment of but two elements: '1) a scheme to defraud, and 2) the mailing of a letter, etc., for the purpose of executing the scheme.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.