Hammon v. Barry’s Empirical Analysis
813 F.2d 412 · 1987
Citation profile
16 federal appellate · 8 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 27 later decisions — most recently August 2015 · most notably Ball v. Union Carbide Corp. (2004), Hammon v. Barry (1987)
16 federal appellate · 8 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 706 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · United States v. United States Gypsum Co. · International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United States · Griggs v. Duke Power Co. · Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 27 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the salient characteristic of impaired access by certain (but by no means all) minorities to specific, identifiable educational, commercial, or job opportunities.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hammon v. Barry“race-preference plan in Weber was 'remedial' in the broad sense of opening up to minorities theretofore closed channels of employment opportunities.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hammon v. Barry“there still exist some vestiges of the aforementioned past discrimination.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Hammon v. Barry
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.