United States v. Gray’s Empirical Analysis
814 F.2d 49 · 1987
Citation profile
23 federal appellate · 4 district · 17 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 46 later decisions — most recently August 2023 · most notably United States v. Doherty (1989), Commonwealth v. D'Amour (1999)
23 federal appellate · 4 district · 17 state decisions — followed in 12 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 844 (§ 404 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on United States v. Ross · United States v. Eschweiler · United States v. Micheli · United States v. Johnson · United States v. Joseph P. Branch, United States of America v. Eric B. Garrison
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 46 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[A]ny container - 17 - situated within residential premises which are the subject of a validly-issued warrant may be searched if it is reasonable to believe that the container could conceal items of the kind portrayed in the warrant.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“special concerns may arise when visitors are present on the premises.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.