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815 F.3d 92

Docket No. 14-2357.

Whyte v. Lynch

First Circuit Court of Appeals

Decided March 21, 2016.

First Circuit Court of Appeals · decided 2016-03-21

Cited by 7 later decisions — most recently February 2020

2 federal appellate · 2 district ·

2 counsel of record

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“involves the use of physical force by the defendant himself even if the defendant's misconduct was limited to guile, deception, or deliberate omission.”

quoted by 1 later decision, including Lassend v. United States

Applies 18 U.S.C. § 16

Applies CT 53A § 53a-61

Relies on 134 S. Ct. 1405 - United States v. Castleman · Chrzanoski v. Ashcroft · Trull v. Volkswagen of America, Inc.

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 2016-03-21

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

¶1Virginia Benzan, Ragini N. Shah, Suffolk University Law School, Boston, MA,. Anthony McKay Whyte, Willimantie, CT, for Petitioner.

¶2Bryan Stuart Beier, Latía N. Bing, Lisa Morinelli, Anthony Wray Norwood, U.S. Dept, of Justice Office of Immigration Litigation, Washington, DC, for Respondent.

¶3Before TORRUELLA, LYNCH, and KAYATTA, Circuit Judges.

¶4ORDER OF COURT

¶5The petition for rehearing is denied. In Chrzanoski v. Ashcroft, 327 F.3d 188 (2d Cir.2003), the Second Circuit held that Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-61(a)(1) is not categorically a crime of violence as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 16(a). It reasoned that a person may cause physical injury under the Connecticut' statute by “guile, deception or deliberate omission,” Chrzanoski, 327 F.3d at 195, without himself using “physical force” to cause the injury, 18 U.S.C. § 16(a). Petitioner then relied on Chrza-noski and this argument in his opening brief, Brief for Petitioner at 8, 13-16, while the government countered by arguing that the Second Circuit “incorrectly assumed that an individual could be convicted under section 53a-61(a)(l) for injury caused by ‘guile, deception, or even deliberate omission,’ ” Brief for Respondent at 26 (quoting Chrzanoski, 327 F.3d at 195). The Court ultimately adopted Petitioner’s reasoning in its opinion.

¶6Now, for the first time, the government argues in its petition for rehearing that causing injury not only involves “physical force” in some abstract sense, but also involves the “use of physical force” by the defendant himself even if the defendant’s misconduct was limited to guile, deception, or deliberate omission. Rather than distinguishing the Supreme Court’s majority opinion in United States v. Castleman, — U.S. -, 134 S.Ct. 1405, 188 L.Ed.2d 426 (2014), as it did in its brief on appeal, see Brief for Respondent at 22-23, the government now points to Castleman as supporting this argument.

¶7Because this argument was not properly developed by the government in its brief on appeal, the Court never considered it. For purposes of this case only, it was *93waived. Trull v. Volkswagen of Am., Inc., 187 F.3d 88, 104 (1st Cir.1999) (new arguments raised for the first time in a petition for rehearing are waived).

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