Battenfield v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1991
Citation profile
8 federal appellate · 49 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 69 later decisions — most recently January 2021 · most notably 667 So. 2d 1242 - Ballenger v. State (1995), Hatch v. Oklahoma (1995)
8 federal appellate · 49 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Rhode Island v. Innis · Witherspoon v. Illinois · Wainwright v. Witt · Darden v. Wainwright · Massiah v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 69 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[a]bsent evidence of conscious physical suffering by the victim prior to death, the required torture or serious physical abuse standard is not met.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“... any relevant evidence in conformance with the rules of evidence, ... including evidence from the crime itself, evidence of other crimes, admissions by the defendant of unadjudicated offenses or any other relevant evidence.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissente.g. Snow v. State · Williams v. State“Certainly [the evidence adduced at trial] supports a finding that Powell was subjected to serious physical abuse allowing us to proceed to a determination as to whether the murder was especially heinous, atrocious or cruel.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Pavatt v. Royal · Pavatt v. Royal
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.