Howard v. Grinage’s Empirical Analysis
82 F.3d 1343 · 1996
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 72 later decisions — most recently February 2019 · most notably Doe v. Claiborne County Tennessee Claiborne County Board of Education, Brown v. Montoya (2011)
21 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Farmer v. Brennan · Cleveland Board of Education v. Loudermill · City of Canton v. Harris · Daniels v. Williams · Rochin v. People of California
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 72 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A procedural due process limitation, unlike its substantive counterpart, does not require that the government refrain from making a substantive choice to infringe upon a person's life, liberty, or property interest. It simply requires that the government provide”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“serves the goal of preventing governmental power from being used for purposes of oppression, regardless of the fairness of the procedures used.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]he right to a hearing prior to the deprivation is of constitutional stature and does not depend upon the nature of the right violated. The rationale for granting procedural protection to an interest that does not rise to the level of a fundamental right lies at the very heart of our constitutional democracy: the prevention of arbitrary use of government power.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Gibson v. Sain
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.