United States v. Calbas’s Empirical Analysis
821 F.2d 887 · 1987
Citation profile
44 federal appellate · 3 district · 9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 70 later decisions — most recently June 2019 · most notably United States v. Nersesian (1987), United States v. Boylan (1990)
44 federal appellate · 3 district · 9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. · Local 408, International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. National Labor Relations Board · Atlantic Richfield Co. v. Newman Oil Co. · National Labor Relations Board v. International Longshoremen's Ass'n · B.D. International Discount Corp. v. Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 70 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The court wisely refrained from allowing the inquiry to become an adversarial evidentiary hearing, so as to minimize intrusion on the jury's deliberations.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the degree upon which ... extra-record information was used in deliberations and the impression which jurors actually had about it,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“may appropriately consider the circumstances surrounding the introduction of [the] information in making [its] determination.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.