Ronnie O. Kitchens v. Otis R. Bowen’s Empirical Analysis
825 F.2d 1337 · 1987
Citation profile
31 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 56 later decisions — most recently July 2020 · most notably Schneider v. TRW, Inc. (1991), Sutton v. Providence St. Joseph Medical Center (1999)
31 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 601 (§ 401 of the Social Security Act of 1935) · 42 U.S.C. § 602 (§ 402 of the Social Security Act of 1935) · 42 U.S.C. § 654 (§ 454 of the Social Security Act of 1935) · 42 U.S.C. § 656 (§ 456 of the Social Security Act of 1935)
Relies on United Mine Workers of America v. Gibbs · Younger v. Harris · Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co. · Middlesex County Ethics Committee v. Garden State Bar Ass'n · City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 56 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]he critical question is not whether the state proceedings are still `ongoing' but whether `the state proceedings were underway before initiation of the federal proceedings.'”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“'there is a sufficiently close nexus between the State and the challenged action of the regulated entity so that the action of the latter may be fairly treated as that of the State itself.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“[T]he standards utilized to find federal action . . . are identical to those employed to detect state action.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.