Real v. Hogan’s Empirical Analysis
828 F.2d 58 · 1987
Citation profile
83 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 108 later decisions — most recently May 2024 · most notably United States v. Zannino (1990), Freeman v. Package Machinery Co. (1988)
83 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Raphan v. United States · Soto v. United States · Dixson v. United States · Credithrift of America, Inc. v. United States · Sims v. Central Intelligence Agency
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 108 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“it is the appellant who must bear the brunt of an insufficient record on appeal”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[t]rial judges have wide discretion in deciding whether an adequate foundation has been laid for the admission of evidence.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“A motion for mistrial is directed primarily to the sound discretion of the trial court and its ruling thereon will not be disturbed unless that discretion has been misused.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.