Keenan v. Hall’s Empirical Analysis
83 F.3d 1083 · 1996
Citation profile
92 federal appellate · 17 district · 9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 278 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently May 2024 · most notably Wilkinson v. Austin (2005), Ramirez v. Galaza (2003)
92 federal appellate · 17 district · 9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1291
Relies on Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife · Wolff v. McDonnell · Bell v. Wolfish · Turner v. Safley · Sandin v. Conner
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 278 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[P]risoners have liberty interests protected by the Due Process Clause only where the contemplated restraint 'imposes atypical and significant hardship on the inmate in relation to the ordinary incidents of prison life.'”
12 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“condition or combination of conditions or factors ... requires case by case, fact by fact consideration.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'[T]here is no legitimate penological justification for requiring inmates to suffer physical and psychological harm by living in constant illumination. This practice is unconstitutional.'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.