Austin v. Borel’s Empirical Analysis
830 F.2d 1356 · 1987
Citation profile
22 federal appellate · 3 district · 7 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 51 later decisions — most recently June 2012 · most notably Snell, Snell v. Tunnell (1990)
22 federal appellate · 3 district · 7 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Scheuer v. Rhodes · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Malley v. Briggs · Imbler v. Pachtman
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 51 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Official immunity may be either absolute or qualified, depending on the functions performed by the particular official at issue. Qualified immunity shields only that conduct not violative of clearly established constitutional [or statutory] rights of which a reasonable person would have known. Absolute immunity, in contrast, precludes any action for damages, so long as the challenged conduct falls within the scope of the immunity.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[A] verified complaint serves a function wholly distinct and different from that of a petition. A verified complaint is a sworn statement of fact by “a peace officer, probation officer, district attorney, or other person designated by the court” indicating the existence of reasonable grounds to believe a child should be taken into custody.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[a]s the qualified immunity defense has evolved, it provides ample protection to all but the plainly incompetent or those who knowingly violate the law.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.